Tag Archive: Andrea Arnold


“You don’t have to do what your mother has done / This is your life, this new life has begun/It’s your day, Woman’s Day” – Lyrics to ‘Shaking The Tree’ by Youssou N’Dour & Peter Gabriel from Youssou N’Dour’s album ‘The Lion’ (1989)

The greatest movie ever made?

My viewing habits continue to be influenced by Mark Cousins’ exhaustive (and exhausting) Women Make Film which illustrates how ignored, or underrated, women directors have been in recent years.

Among those belatedly recognizing the need for a gender rethink are the Sight and Sound film critics who went full woke and voted Chantal Akerman’s epic ‘Jeanne Dielman, 23 quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles’ as the greatest film of all time.. This was a controversial and, frankly, contrary choice but at least makes the case that the late Belgian director is worthy of being regarded alongside auteurs like Orson Welles and Alfred Hitchcock.

That said, the list itself has many notable omissions. No place for any of the Godfather movies plus nothing by Luis Bunuel or The Coen Brothers while ‘Daisies’, a silly, surreal and horribly dated Czech movie from the 1960s merits inclusion as a bogus ‘Feminist’ classic.

The female gaze in ‘Portrait of a Lady on Fire’

The most recent film in the Sight & Sound list is 2019’s seductive ”Portrait of a Lady on Fire’ directed by Céline Sciamma. I saw this after being hugely impressed by Sciamma’s earlier movies ‘Girlhood’ (2014) and ‘Tomboy’ (2011). Her latest movie ‘Petite Maman’ (2021) is also excellent. If you want to understand the difference between the male and female gaze, any of these movies are essential viewing.

One of my better decisions of the year was to take out a subscription to MUBI, the online streaming site that takes global and independent movies seriously.

I signed up initially to see Andrea Arnold’s ‘Cow’ which, despite all the praise, proved to be a bit of a let down. Perhaps, as a Vegan, I didn’t need to be persuaded that farm animals have feelings too! In compensation Mubi currently hosts three excellent shorts by the English director of which her Oscar winning ‘Wasp’ (2003) is the most powerful (and depressing!)

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WUTHERING HEIGHTS : THE VIDEOS

After seeing Andrea Arnold’s dark and harrowing movie version of Emily Brontë’s novel these two musical interpretations by Kate Bush and Noel Fielding offer some light relief:

WUTHERING HEIGHTS directed by Andrea Arnold (UK, 2011)

The cover blurb on my World Classics edition of Wuthering Heights  quotes from Charlotte Brontë’s preface to the second edition of her sister’s extraordinary novel.  CB wrote that the story was  “hewn from a wild workshop with simple tools, not of homely materials”.

The same could be said of this movie – there are certainly no homely country comforts and it is as far from the standard costume dramas as you can get.

The Yorkshire Moors have never looked as bleak or forbidding, rather than prancing through the heather the young Heathcliff (Solomon Grave) and Cathy  (Shannon Beer) bond while rolling in mud.

The cinematography of Robbie Ryan is exceptional – filmed in natural light, with no soundtrack, the harsh almost primeval beauty of the natural world is beautifully captured.  The natural world is  deliberately de-sentimentalised as a reflection of the harsh lives of the farming communities.  We see Heathcliff carry an ailing sheep home only to see him slit  the animal’s throat.

As the childhood sweethearts come of age they are separated and the story resumes 12 years later where the couple are then played by James Howson and  Kaya Scodelario.  The switch to different actors initially comes as a shock, especially as Cathy has miraculously transformed from a frumpy tom boy to a slim and sophisticated beauty. Howson is excellent , however, and entirely convincing  as a brooding young man bent on savage revenge.

Casting black actors in the role of Heathcliff is a brave choice but makes perfect sense since it makes the fierceness of the character’s rejection more credible.  He is frequently verbally and physically abused and forced to sleep with the livestock. Even his baptism is made to look like an act of cruelty.

The movie is told largely from his perspective and we follow him as he is reduced to skulking around in the shadows like a predatory animal.  Even Cathy isn’t always very gentle with him  –  “I ain’t treated you badly”  she says after belting him across the face. He loves her all the same  : “My life has been bitter since I last heard your voice”,  he says theatrically  although he has somehow managed to make a vast and mysterious  fortune.

Andrea Arnold’s bold and original adaptation takes some liberties with the novel but her changes are always in tune with the strangeness and complexity of Emily Brontë’s tale of madness, prejudice, cruelty, obsessive love and bitter revenge.

FISH TANK directed by  Andrea Arnold (UK, 2009)

fish tankAndrea Arnold’s bold debut movie was about a CCTV operator in Glasgow and in a strange way her brilliant follow up ,Fish Tank, is also about surveillance. Yet, while in Red Road the woman was on the outside looking in, the teenage protagonist of Fish Tank is on the inside looking out.

Mia is 15 and her life on a council estate in Essex is about as interesting and varied as that of a goldfish. Money is tight but the flat where she lives with her mother and younger sister, Tyler, is decent enough;  above all, hers  is a poverty of the soul.

Her mom is more interested in partying than parenting so Mia and Tyler have become pretty wild and unruly. Like many kids of this age (and I speak from experience as the father of a girl around the same age) Mia is emotionally confused and desperately needs to find a way out of what she perceives as a boring, dead-end existence.

School offers nothing and she is on the point of being expelled. You could say that she doesn’t do a lot to help make things better. She’s on the defensive even before she is directly criticised and gets violent and/or foul mouthed when crossed. Yet, her streetwise bearing and combative behaviour is mostly just a front.

Katie Jarvis got the part as Mia when a casting agent saw her having a row with her boyfriend at Tilbury railway station (one of the locations in the movie). She was cast for her attitude rather her acting experience; a risk that could easily have backfired but doesn’t as she manages to pull off the difficult feat of looking scary and sassy while also convincing us of her vulnerability. Continue reading

THE FEMALE GAZE IN MOVIES

Jane Campion on the set of ‘Bright Star’.

In the penultimate episode of Channel 4’s The Story of Film:An Odyssey,  Mark Cousins interviewed New Zealand director Jane Campion.

Perhaps not surprisingly, Campion spoke about the need for women to have a more prominent voice in movies but also added: “one of the betrayals of the female is that they want to see themselves through male eyes”.

This struck me as a slightly different slant on the traditional feminist arguments about the dominance of the voyeuristic  ‘male gaze’ and suggests that it is not simply a question of women gaining key roles in the production of TV and cinema but also of using such positions to challenge the patriarchal order.

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